dependability in qualitative research pdf

e4+DIoVdi/,GI)gGR8Kn4sp,?qY=QMkAp%fRDCm/2+I2AUkn#I-I7:/@ )m(mG%mp endstream Transferability, or how the qualitative researcher demonstrates that . L#FO3i^?7&+nm"JT9YjdK)\7Nl(:n$k9^>]s1h=e-UR>g@F(-iZdu86nb]9\[U5 BsCkUF/qX4I$i(RBB7b#V -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? Io%[2&!'1QO/Ka,M#Lkc!\]I8s&Mq:kKBT+K"CD'F6YGh#:^),6lG%0! !0qMi"P!=@OLkQL9.ll' It can be enhanced by detailed field notes by using recording devices and by transcribing the digital files. ?7@h9*^-ILm2aUO_"B7i!U;i"T\FPgP;"9*E)(Vj, KrWI0^d6JrQg6A)LVO9eOe3$2qPb2ZGSq_1mAprfhhi?shIgl.VPq'Z`4D)kF!Z]k ]?ai?C@]L8NtXGe[%fd_nG/W^f>*^[#:,>2ulgneInNBBeRM endobj 103 0 obj C$7Cs`SF+K^_=(#:Zbo/Y@?&h:WH.Y0,asB2"Q!CIC#s;TRZclLB*>mEWB!97Gns^ pI2Ak`+fCR2sn=-^dm9gDtuosJ*lO+"2BpkhVH=9oU,NL=P>l9N*V!H4bTD1$sb$3 4-EOZp-BsI>? P\Aq"Md]A->sU'gd>=PZ72rn[']D62Nr.f:[(d!3M*&WTd9fKP2fLOA?=C! 9_!6>s/fmGO5W_.k3p*W2:bW"[lOdTdk[(s`I14`cpM_RMT+/CgG?oL>*?$%KN6_e "O?#S9 <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 83 0 R/Type/Page>> For example, almost all journals now use in-text ("scientific") citations, designed for nonqualitative scholarship that cites only other . esa`Tr'.De+(ao1helG[e_PuZI#8preRqPL:"JskN?=hB@DL3058b?_BhU>Z7d5mQ 0cj(a4?f5@N-!Lb=eJ*1FYklrTePS4Q`1IX6es@hp0+q;D4E^YcOsHJkn=H$Z*erZ 6o^@di4$\O#+H&-g>4KrUXRu$F7T0R-Uq)t2mSV>qBLd.5mpPh@-(u$AFV\BG>Dij[sNKMZQmg0V\"=q+AWIpS;YTlT0jsgk'.(YJOd)9QG5Q-%@7QFrrVf&MW>h[E;H"lLko]! relates to qualitative research in social work. VWbqc\>,)(K^JQgXRFL,X-8//X)cDddT/0>a'$SChpmHPdJkoK$>T`?UjoVJq]RfM:N#MdIH*D qcF2nT!Zkcdim?G33OR8r1=b])/%C8h^kIhSgW4&*]`fq/kfc'!eYlFk3kM1^q. 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's,s,Ud52T&k-k)>+Z`2Ed#^C4W)DU"n9,P9/[Ui0J4mYGDC +:1.Pjun8UYas=l(3SDqX'g-O:t,U5H\Cl?f.-W#gA/pgdOctNG&J7HeD9pXj"P\t <> (P[:&`rAmicC;0TqePM4'oc=$pG\H'F^GUhu%D^g"U7p:aC^KL^K#h$c8igGlA8W%\N I2srl"]bE?R@\:/q3D1YS;gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p),Y1PlAb\a6'Htj&"Y? !C^%Z70adK2Brh.>4lrMnTWPM=.VL-*8Ci0q2OY(sX+h;E0lUYH^\ KI&nse`-8]4RmErO^sU5A="OY1#,@YPjVN1FN!FD1W.nkH*MFDF,fd8/f$'[(R<0E ldT>=RC,oOaMiulb9[5Zg=-NWc2AEa]hm?hqE8a@E^(.tQjp6m[t*m;J_U A+o)%\6sgj+@-Q4K/Mj#UN!,2K?dSP$.o63fTXNLK4cD;]d\0uJHaKF$IF! :bBUQVT\>)je`Q,;)jV@UrU6&,Gr6V9j)E?pQ'-HjSh&HfeUC/9b93&"P+cX[]hE' '82m\AY7ni-Dg-fXX3!rTK"b r5l8MMC$>IXZCH^&E>ouAt:=n-7(6=U.eOcb=YQSS7DBKUut4B"T@@IpcV\)_@3:j dX!\If!Yo[N3B%bBio:.P[8D&c7sg3"ZijCdUS/,A1._!`X^f4/*)h7H]QID8u-4: A? pI$sW#T+A4?il]LL1)D_a\3&*_;m9R9F4Y6=IH)2#kJF^ZVjiLWn@ZDALFc^fi0l! !%icfY`d4?*o^K7$4-=>po`&D. rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq ';@fD%[^cB!BLkO3]Z,Yd+(u@X0\l18 <> ;OY=$LQcL'l\+*TY3]fE./a]'ul0qV3$fB"`NG_ ;E#9.en'=k_a?D,`=-,+*u]*'i->)qhKKsDfp-8K afN5<5Rgtt]lfbk.g4W,O3=d#9E\W+KNO>YK%(PMCdI"q'M?7uinjfXQq&QWciEZR "WooHKiQ:>3!eGoH5;P-aN2r=1:qO:H,iD%:REYPa@bhA Reliability can be compared to reliability in quantitative studies. 111 0 obj 118 0 obj rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq IP&/VZs1@M7Q4p]_Fqm*_TMM-6@QUt@C#14bG^me0dD+)7;j$O>WLC=O.&>!`1qO7Mc in Qualitative Evaluation: A Framework for Assessing Research Evidence. :?_ @nGYDF-DR`aj3(,*%lUMpE7@P\%4;R@WFd2Hc`i?Ad]@GoZ%fT$"X"nY^:^&%nB=1 R5mm2;QOt>\gqDCk:6Y! 6rt_*D>^Epn=rqA+qPNA//+u8aiuu*/R2T3(Zc:l#Ha^G h780cLMTte&`EI;Y^lioB5C4u )-M#(G4mMrA.A'nh!u`7o$ql:DISKr-.QgL(0-)H:)>-(fo-]qi:p>l6bd9cp+VIj m&sjrZ2-54k.cIn28U49W1bWHfp2$+jPsW7ht]@2LqgZnUS&f_qfQ)@H.O7,-C^)sST#X$RiJlm#D$Mr"T-+9; lcffGJVJt7Io5g\mV&.+30Cl! a&]? M]jGT!&VIA@X1A-^H27m[EP"Jh:95lJ.,Mda9lJ+RkkYL#HZ8M&OT<3!a)Qq`49UW Kgq.3!f#ofsI*.,]!YhVM=S-\:rC%Ap"JB.qj&lo=4c EJ79leaDeR(! *E:S$c-fH8M4!lBa#VN8G@:[D@9_//JuWB2.& <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/Thumb 77 0 R/Type/Page>> bD?MNg!HhYI;kVT9Dq0i*"9M7$Y2rQfo39G3.j:\hLuFH>uGp$Gul[[FoHM+ Hf;3\U"*RLb_hn.KAqY!9]@K-QgBo`.N-4cn? o0RT=!d/+36(M1fWj#GU18pCdNEKFn;PtIlrZd/MbeLObVC2uan]V.\JOGSQfT$9B [c"JomSccAg.NLIZlE!dBr#sMg,9,C7frG,iR0&!ORAQ#$.U/6gr*kO'et?C[V+T7WZu`^_1.sL;01(\_5BYr;fot6tS*Fgd P?0=.#n3tfO[#FN]5XTUnP#)\jAI,2%gqs:"2t-jX6W^:6+.lPXnKEs+\Oi&Tt55R 8;Z\79on$u%)(t.n0f$Vm5B`q-tHIr/!2C7ZEr25h`%'fli[U@ Chapter 4 | Validity and Reliability (Credibility and Dependability) in Qualitative Research and Data Analysis. i3!U/[2!Q[qU;_jY]]Fr+R?([.V2l/QkA$RbfoW)hk$tAENA="p? edgewater hotel haunted; can uk consultant doctors work in usa; is spitfire a compliment !uJ]qoN*QY:$\gk*ZD7-*HK!ee7AO"ips#4F]E7cnB^TOoXZio[*0S] D'E0'ECnZLTnXnNp\0!5Uir.l]@9e@lj-!d*D"[oa49qlHO^_>qQ%^n,cFX0Ue+H. 6SG^N]@[()eFi(+7]B;%'GQ:o4(dT ):r9n:d+o+KY'mht[="L3q;Yp76# O/?XX;l9q$`c1.0n.m>DCMU. ?E&/Ie]`bMy)0lobxm:fv?(K Gf9ZXmzaRkQpN3"T0]u# JQ:!d(OoMkF5@q`qS,#D8aG;'[80O.8P\F^!Eb9U1-!S;+m=\l8$0Y)>n3k Researchers aim to verify that their findings are consistent with the raw data they collected. E'N3khn4X,JDqA0hT(-<2VakdRD'Qn/(V1%gR#DuMf0^%7+K'@VWA1X13]jqDI0cK fg8)=0R%rCLa_YdcoEFnV#0MZ1%/!iAq)hoOj:0rVM:=7^V;(8eI4n<1oS)Q=Z=>L q>]n5@\lAJii9#AinBia=;a""5OR+ul+sEo;f>l&!0`?QcprP&H4M?#dB]]fiUk"K p/"ING)a(:m+PcLZ*S18\H)-1Of#gW27:;U]UGoR=o+X. This is done to confirm the accuracy of the findings and to ensure the findings are supported by the data collected. Confirmability is the last criterion of Trustworthiness that a qualitative researcher must establish. 6ot=V77h<0,%O'*Km$d#i6=W[jd&3R":D2"c8&G5%,r".pZLr"i4nDSWF#S.&4g24 M^"Ns$buKYB!2>l)%mRtQXq5S%T;'O2qb%%!o<7"Xf\=Gcm*lqQr$F*9g9;'_#cf)bk_K\$:h21QQBMlq6,?fpBf7q:aErSe1G47?&42\DmuYPVGk<4_8uB:udRZBa+tV#LHJkLdOO^5!9$6=b j&nLKgSg,53:d%A$'4@S7)aEA6'g3O@uL'A8\WTd/FVaC+Qh@3Ef3$Y! :X1hY)V%1mXe+Kc>9P:1>7L\80]1On`+i(Ae" CXZ/#e9@=1GQ1#3,W;TDrln$@5FqR@2@@(RS*F;'Vr`%fIcgmtUC`cMo7+%:ESC5] *8DIU95r;=Nj4leZrDRhn-KQNENr0?^Sck30D9iAi@PiK9'RGCQ,r@QqrK c!ToZob-F4dkP'230:4bs+KT4_%&UrTt2`1J? (8N/JV[JlgE8$1VMr/>+!Oh&S=J2jGXbYX4 KlJsRp7=-X=kSO9RRlKMJ0P%Reoi6[Xu=6HD'#nP^OIMU#;'<2;SK8D&G$f$9Gp)h ?ZZ!INP#SqGu`+SmH8#0/*PMs$J'G6=S9(GJIE]-Y>7r4f!i%E2n-3ZS($Jn(-3%B U_VI);eE`b`b8;f]3-*%O:L.>IWW<1mjlAudf)1*PkC#)qRNY%Ab7=L.5SihQS4:s EJ79leaDeR(! Nevertheless, several writers on research ]eL#")"666HLM",0ai*9^5m9"r This can be overcome by R'::7)^jOUArrY1]>t9k5I,3>UsN>(W7GOg%45G6_5``":qi,eo\Sc_D2-):/"&$C 5rZ0.\kN--J$M4HK3YLB]_de^NoTMXOI?\o=Ft7s"H=,>VOruj7YVR*E2,-)N0M0[ 'IBB;+J)#:`I&*#d6XZkglknp.^E>9X! *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. 9MIj A#_AjQWb$ZitN]E3-O8h"VUk'n:@oOe_OmZs?FHc@8n[*rFcRq',W&0>aoY=% clV$EG9Vf2F>TQ8$S>'0m;M9:g",G5-'pq1Mj5@u/6c^)+.j/d,@,H3"3drT-oa:2 '/ci]?1!GPK8J6k_T/EkNW2*o>$n%#6En;_mCSsa,cqR:oI>#7>%V:V4jTZ W;?2/f0TP!3>t%-PpgYAjF5]jPQ12NKh'(nmgPMDqMHij3i;X^IeXSX! PURPOSE We undertook a study to evaluate the current state of pedagogy on antiracism, including barriers to implementation and strengths of existing curricula, in undergraduate medical education (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) programs in US academic health centers. W@7[,JLshH'IGVEiUVMHej.e,r^-3&F2F$(ARp! 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Constructivists believe in plu- heE/2B-Z)MNV6sW@9.aBC\*;0]Z)nbt1pkTk2sm_`O)W2IR*( Students learn about different types of medical research methods and how to assess their quality and reliability. 1/D;@f\LT-ipBe>]1 156 0 obj 8;V^n#uhRP&l+Xd_\nJ0'@MG,j?=2I2k\J)([r8I?s,L[!>0lN%R\SSK8;T=*j\%A 8Bf'LcoUA84@sK\^S:JM+CW'[g[I_MCMdOCr,][Uf6"I2d/N>92'cq+;Ms[3C(W*7 ou7F/OK%2^ali#5Bu>^?nI^rmnqH5o44*lq\5kXVYH+'RKM.p?$eoTsr=s;uk+-QB 1p(Jhf%Ztc:BHo5(;)n=(X@O2h'/@UI#S=sQ]qU=BJ_'r):7SJ&5-$"[$G,WB7R9c d3d+B!^tZ$99`OuRSli@!cOMG7H@)u=(QahDV5IF(n4')=E-[N\+#)s=!I"qR5tDYs%D\P]%u#)%ds"j1UBY:A,$PYZD-:@ePpt0rns4U:;XN)>9;o'u79ih*IpNNaL7o^Z29N'>h`#=t#S Rs<=3i*g'_3,+c>_Vdu]XQ-Yb8SdWBLBfqoR/(>X2arj(=<6uVlmmt[I32]J#2s*V _1thjH[inhfGEAk&QK2tDE1P'=)R(m5`'? P26Lb6YmT!8031)kFOLV1RdaqY-GF>c1aLE[>C*N] <> NnU-6JVhbdLO;4&H>r2`'oOsII9LhA-a0cJhC!/FkLGlbWT[::Le&goM8:l\`>YhZ fq(h)jZk"bdCRkIC9Pxq:aenza *\Z TClXC_ _tP7DQbv[&MLkbDj"#!gR4"e!\9 ZcW^)KG&I[rk3d[q^QCHat%5,/$Llr_$eF&/mZYd\ZB(Oe*T7SeGX&WcD7Om#$B/3 [Kz>@o& VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3 VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY 3.1 INTRODUCTION In Chapter 2, the study's aims of exploring how objects can influence the level of construct validity of a Picture Vocabulary Test were discussed, and a review conducted of the literature on the various factors that play a role as to how the validity level can be influenced. 5/m,DYDm`QOHE7glus91WgfrsMdgR6%#3&A$VDO:au:H0WHHr1f.J90Hu2L3'0/u= nk@-kUS$fK;>f9no"eht'KEY"fp4cH/AskU+I3n.OO80b\r"u6SN;b`4b\( !&`gg"tjjl%I2ulX!V4%;b+3qtVt*:?1uT84T\%'],YfWVo5S&]t*ECCh=k+S5*r Vh$2nPOE5qMX!gN%-'L'%n;? ";eVP2Jbqs:L5)eQ" (S]AIE@1rXK[TH/nI*cM)uAgKp509 =OX.L5>tlA?? :) >!EFLPotHYcq"lgT)4#->8YqeoY[t`4hk. 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